Learn about participles that follow an archaic declension using a formal conversation as an example
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to GreekPod101.com. This is Upper Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 3 - Getting the Right Training for the Job in Greece. Eric here. |
| Chrissi: Γεια σας. I'm Chrissi. |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn about participles that follow an archaic declension. The conversation takes place at the recruitment department of a cruise line operating in Greece. |
| Chrissi: It's between Katerina and Eleni Lambri. |
| Eric: The speakers are not friends, so they’ll be using formal Greek. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Ελένη Λάμπρη: Κατ' αρχάς προκειμένου να ναυτολογηθείτε, οφείλετε να ολοκληρώσετε τον βασικό κύκλο σωστικών και πυροσβεστικών μαθημάτων στην Α.Ε.Ν. (Ακαδημία Εμπορικού Ναυτικού) Ασπροπύργου. |
| : Η εκπαίδευση είναι δωρεάν και διαρκεί 9 εργάσιμες μέρες. |
| Κατερίνα: Μάλιστα. |
| Ελένη Λάμπρη: Οι εισαχθέντες στην ακαδημία αυτή, μετά από την επιτυχή ολοκλήρωση του προγράμματος, λαμβάνουν ειδική βεβαίωση. |
| : Για να εκδώσετε το ναυτικό σας φυλλάδιο, θα πρέπει να καταθέσετε την βεβαίωση αυτή μαζί με όλα τα απαραίτητα δικαιολογητικά στο Υπουργείο Εμπορικής Ναυτιλίας. |
| Κατερίνα: Γνωρίζετε τι χαρτιά πρέπει να προσκομίσω στην Α.Ε.Ν. και στο υπουργείο; |
| Ελένη Λάμπρη: Σας έχω σημειώσει εδώ τις διευθύνσεις, όπως επίσης και τα δικαιολογητικά που θα πρέπει να έχετε μαζί σας. |
| Κατερίνα: Α, σας ευχαριστώ πολύ! |
| Ελένη Λάμπρη: Η προθεσμία που σας δίνουμε για να εκδώσετε το ναυτικό σας φυλλάδιο είναι μέχρι και τις 10 Φεβρουαρίου του τρέχοντος έτους. |
| : Πέραν αυτού, ο χρόνος σας θα θεωρείται λήξας και η πρόσληψή σας δεν θα μπορεί να πραγματοποιηθεί. |
| Κατερίνα: Σας διαβεβαιώ πως δεν πρόκειται να συμβεί κάτι τέτοιο. |
| Ελένη Λάμπρη: Πολύ ωραία. Δεν θα έχετε πρόβλημα λοιπόν να υπογράψετε το προσύμφωνο αυτό εδώ. Διαβάστε το προσεκτικά και υπογράψτε στην τελευταία σελίδα, κάτω από το σημείο όπου λέει «Ο δηλών / Η δηλούσα». |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Eleni Lambri: First of all, in order for you to join a ship, you need to complete the basic rescue and firefighting course in the Mercantile Marine Academy of Aspropyrgos. |
| : The training is free and it lasts nine business days. |
| Katerina: I see. |
| Eleni Lambri: Entrants in this academy receive a special certificate after the successful completion of the course. |
| : In order for you to get your Seafarer's Identification and Record Book issued, you will need to submit that certificate to the Ministry of Mercantile Marine along with all the required documents. |
| Katerina: Do you know what kind of paperwork I need to present to the Mercantile Marine Academy and to the ministry? |
| Eleni Lambri: I wrote down the addresses here for you, as well as the documents you'll need to have with you. |
| Katerina: Oh, thank you very much! |
| Eleni Lambri: The deadline we're setting in order for you to issue your Seafarer's Identification and Record Book is February 10 of this year. |
| : Beyond this, your time will be up and we won't be able to hire you. |
| Katerina: I can assure you that won't happen. |
| Eleni Lambri: Very well. Then you won't have a problem signing this preliminary agreement here. Read it carefully and sign on the last page, under the part where it says "Declarant." |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Chrissi, in our dialog, Katerina had to complete some basic courses in a Mercantile Marine Academy so she could work on the ship. Is that a real academy? |
| Chrissi: It is! At the moment, there are ten Mercantile Marine Academies in Greece. Greeks who want to work on a ship in Greece need to study at one of these academies to get certified and be issued a Seafarer's Identification and Record Book. The academy they are required to attend depends on the position they will be filling. |
| Eric: Do many Greeks have jobs related to ships? |
| Chrissi: I think it is quite common, especially among islanders. Many people at least have relatives or friends who have worked on ships. |
| Eric: That's interesting. Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Chrissi: ναυτολογώ [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to impress (naval), to join a ship |
| Chrissi: ναυτολογώ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: ναυτολογώ [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: ναυτικό [natural native speed] |
| Eric: navy, merchant navy |
| Chrissi: ναυτικό [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: ναυτικό [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: εισαχθείς [natural native speed] |
| Eric: entrant |
| Chrissi: εισαχθείς [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: εισαχθείς [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: εκδίδω [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to publish, to issue, to print, to procure |
| Chrissi: εκδίδω [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: εκδίδω [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: καταθέτω [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to submit, to deposit, to testify, to file (law) |
| Chrissi: καταθέτω [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: καταθέτω [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: προσκομίζω [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to present, to bring something to someone |
| Chrissi: προσκομίζω [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: προσκομίζω [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: δικαιολογητικό [natural native speed] |
| Eric: supporting document |
| Chrissi: δικαιολογητικό [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: δικαιολογητικό [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: τρέχων [natural native speed] |
| Eric: current, at present, running |
| Chrissi: τρέχων [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: τρέχων [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: λήξας [natural native speed] |
| Eric: the one who is expired, over, up (time) |
| Chrissi: λήξας [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: λήξας [natural native speed] |
| Eric: And last... |
| Chrissi: πρόσληψη [natural native speed] |
| Eric: employment, intake |
| Chrissi: πρόσληψη [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: πρόσληψη [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is... |
| Chrissi: ...προκειμένου να |
| Eric: Which, depending on the context, means “in order to” or “rather than.” |
| Chrissi: The word προκειμένου has an ancient Greek origin. It is the neuter genitive case of the masculine participle προκείμενος, meaning “the one that appears in front of us.” |
| Eric: It can be something that we can see visually, like a building, or metaphorically, like a problem that arises or a topic that needs to be discussed. |
| Chrissi: Να means “to” or “than”. |
| Eric: This phrase is used mainly in formal situations. |
| Chrissi: In everyday conversations, it is better to avoid using προκειμένου να, because it could come off as sounding too uptight to a native speaker's ears depending on the context. |
| Eric: So we shouldn't use this phrase to say, for example, “I went to the supermarket in order to buy carrots,” right? |
| Chrissi: Right. Don't say “Πήγα στο σουπερμάρκετ προκειμένου να αγοράσω καρότα.” Say "Πήγα στο σουπερμάρκετ (για) να αγοράσω καρότα," which means the same thing, but without the rigidity of the first phrase. |
| Eric: Can we use this phrase in informal situations? |
| Chrissi: You can, but it depends on the topic. For example, you could say to a friend “Προκειμένου να μαλώσουμε, καλύτερα να υποχωρήσω εγώ.” |
| Eric: Which means “It's better if I compromise, rather than us getting into a fight.” Can you give us one more example of a situation in which you can use this phrase? |
| Chrissi: Sure. For example "H κυβέρνηση επεξεργάζεται ένα ακόμη ρηξικέλευθο σχέδιο, προκειμένου να αυξήσει τα φορολογικά έσοδα." |
| Eric: “The government is preparing another groundbreaking project in order to increase tax revenue.” Okay, what's next? |
| Chrissi: The acronym Α.Ε.Ν., which stands for Ακαδημία Εμπορικού Ναυτικού. |
| Eric: Meaning “Mercantile Marine Academy”. In Greek, some acronyms are pronounced as their letters sound, like Α.Ε.Ν., some as their letter names, and some are pronounced as normal words. |
| Chrissi: Acronyms like this came about to save space in printed press and to save time during speeches. But be careful of overusing acronyms, because it can easily lead to confusion. |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using an acronym? |
| Chrissi: Sure. Η εκπαίδευση των στελεχών εμπορικού ναυτικού στην Ελλάδα γίνεται στις Ακαδημίες Εμπορικού Ναυτικού (Α.Ε.Ν.). |
| Eric: This means “The training of merchant navy personnel in Greece is being done in the Mercantile Marine Academies.” Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
| Eric: In this lesson, you will learn about some ancient Greek participles that are still used today as adjectives or nouns, mainly in stereotypical phrases and scholarly expressions in the press and media. |
| Chrissi: Those participles come in 5 different groups according to their endings in the masculine, feminine and neuter gender, with 4 of them belonging to the active voice and only one group to the passive voice. |
| Eric: So let's start with the active voice participles. |
| Chrissi: These express an action. Their general meaning is "the one who acts or acted," because they can be of either present or aorist tense. In Greek, that action is denoted by the verb that the participle derives from. |
| Eric: Listeners, open your lesson notes and keep them visible, so you can check the spelling of these participles as we talk about them as well as their declension. |
| Chrissi: So the first group of active voice participles includes those that in the present tense end in -ων, -ουσα, -ον for the masculine, feminine and neuter gender accordingly. |
| Eric: We looked at these in detail in our Intermediate series, so in this lesson we'll focus on the rest of the groups. |
| Chrissi: The second group of active voice participles includes those that in the present tense end in -ών, -ούσα, -ούν. |
| Eric: Can you give us some examples of this? |
| Chrissi: Of course. For example the participle ο αιτών, which means “the applicant,” derives from the verb αιτούμαι, meaning “to request”. |
| Eric: You often see this word on application forms. |
| Chrissi: Right. Ο αιτών is often written at the bottom over the space where your signature goes. |
| Eric: Another example is… |
| Chrissi: ...ο επικρατών, deriving from the verb επικρατώ, meaning “to prevail”. |
| Eric: How do you use this participle in a sentence? |
| Chrissi: You can say, for example, η επικρατούσα κατάσταση, meaning "the current situation" or "the status quo." |
| Eric: That's good to know. Next, the third group of active voice participles includes participles that in the present tense end in… |
| Chrissi: ...-ών, -ώσα, -ών |
| Eric: Shall we see some examples? |
| Chrissi: Βεβαίως, certainly! For example ο ερευνών, which derives from the verb ερευνώ, meaning “to investigate”. You can say something like η ερευνούσα δικαστική αρχή. |
| Eric: Meaning “the investigating judicial authority”. Another example would be… |
| Chrissi: ...ο προσδοκών. It derives from προσδοκώ, meaning “to anticipate" or “to expect.” |
| Eric: For example you can say- |
| Chrissi: Τα ετήσια προσδοκώμενα έξοδα μειώθηκαν. |
| Eric: “The annual expected costs decreased.” |
| Chrissi: Now, the fourth group includes participles that in the aorist tense end in -ας, -ασα, -αν. Here we have participles such as ο αποβιώσας, meaning “the deceased” or ο επιζήσας, meaning “the survivor.” |
| Eric: So, some examples using these participles would be… |
| Chrissi: ...Οι δηλωθέντες αποβιώσαντες συνταξιούχοι. |
| Eric: “The reported deceased pensioners.” |
| Chrissi: Or έξι επιζήσαντες. |
| Eric: “Six survivors.” Great! Lastly, the fifth group includes passive voice participles found only in the aorist tense that end in... |
| Chrissi: ...-είς, -είσα, -έν. |
| Eric: These participles denote that the action of the verb has happened to the person or thing being referred to. So their general meaning in English is "the one who has been…" plus the verb that the participle derives from in past participle form. |
| Chrissi: For example, ο απορριφθείς, “the one who has been rejected” or simply "the rejected," and ο διασωθείς, “the rescued” or "the one who has been rescued." |
Outro |
| Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Chrissi: Γεια χαρά! |
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