Learn how to use the verb πληρώ and verbs ending in -ποιώ using a formal conversation as an example
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to GreekPod101.com. This is Upper Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 19 - The Case of the Missing Greek Suitcase. Eric here. |
| Chrissi: Γεια σας. I'm Chrissi. |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn some verbs that come from ancient Greek contract verbs. The conversation takes place at a cruise terminal. |
| Chrissi: It's between Katerina and a female passenger who has disembarked. |
| Eric: The speakers are not friends, so they’ll be using formal Greek. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Επιβάτισσα: Με συγχωρείτε δεσποινίς... |
| Κατερίνα: Παρακαλώ. |
| Επιβάτισσα: Δεν μπορώ να βρω τη βαλίτσα μου. Φοβάμαι πως έχει χαθεί. |
| Κατερίνα: Σε ποιο κατάστρωμα ήταν η καμπίνα σας; |
| Επιβάτισσα: Στο κατάστρωμα 5. Η καμπίνα ήταν η 524. |
| Κατερίνα: Όλες οι βαλίτσες του καταστρώματος 5 βρίσκονται σε αυτή τη μεριά και φέρουν το κόκκινο ταμπελάκι. Εσείς βάλατε το κόκκινο ταμπελάκι στη βαλίτσα σας; |
| Επιβάτισσα: Το κόκκινο ταμπελάκι; Αα, το ξέχασα εντελώς. Μου έδωσε το παιδί που συγυρίζει τις καμπίνες κάτι κόκκινα ταμπελάκια χθες, αλλά τα έβαλα σε ένα άδειο συρτάρι και μετά ξέχασα να τα χρησιμοποιήσω. Και τώρα τι θα γίνει; |
| Κατερίνα: Εδώ βρίσκονται όλες οι βαλίτσες που έχουν τα χρωματιστά ταμπελάκια. Εφόσον η βαλίτσα σας δεν πληροί την προϋπόθεση αυτή, θα βρίσκεται στην άλλη μεριά της αίθουσας όπου αφήνουμε όσες βαλίτσες δεν έχουν ταμπελάκι. |
| : Μην ανησυχείτε, συμβαίνουν αυτά. Μερικές φορές τα ταμπελάκια σκίζονται και πέφτουν κατά τη μεταφορά επίσης. Ελάτε μαζί μου. |
| (...) |
| Επιβάτισσα: Αα, να τη η βαλίτσα μου! Σας ευχαριστώ πολύ δεσποινίς! |
| Κατερίνα: Παρακαλώ! Καλή επιστροφή να έχετε. |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Passenger: Excuse me miss... |
| Katerina: Yes, please. |
| Passenger: I can't find my suitcase. I'm afraid it's lost. |
| Katerina: On which deck was your cabin? |
| Passenger: On deck number 5. The cabin was 524. |
| Katerina: All the suitcases from deck number 5 are on this side and have the red tag on them. Did you put the red tag on your suitcase? |
| Passenger: The red tag? ...Oh, I totally forgot. The boy who cleans the cabins gave me some red tags yesterday, but I put them in an empty drawer and then I forgot to use them. So now what? |
| Katerina: All the suitcases with the colored tags are here. Since your suitcase does not fulfill that requirement, it will be on the other side of the room where we leave all those suitcases that do not have a tag. |
| : Don't worry, these things happen. Sometimes, the tags get torn and fall off during transportation. Come with me. |
| (...) |
| Passenger: Oh, there's my suitcase! Thank you very much miss! |
| Katerina: You are welcome! Have a good journey home. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Chrissi, in Greece, do transportation companies have lost and found offices? |
| Chrissi: Of course. This kind of office is called γραφείο απωλεσθέντων αντικειμένων in Greek. Lost items are kept in lost and found offices for a while. |
| Eric: If the owner doesn’t appear after some time, the items are then transferred to company warehouses and become the company's property, except for identification documents. Those are given to the police. So Chrissi, what should we do if we lose valuables like our wallet or an ID or passport on the street? |
| Chrissi: In those cases, please report the loss to the local police station or, if it’s a passport, even to the embassy. Many people will bring valuables to the police when they find them. The chances are 50/50 in the big cities, but in rural areas or smaller communities people are usually more honest and considerate. |
| Eric: And what if we lose something in a taxi? |
| Chrissi: In that case, you can find your driver's information on the receipt he should have given you. If you don't have a receipt but know the taxi company, contact the company directly. |
| Eric: Okay, those are some good tips! Now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Chrissi: βαλίτσα [natural native speed] |
| Eric: suitcase |
| Chrissi: βαλίτσα [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: βαλίτσα [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: ταμπελάκι [natural native speed] |
| Eric: tag, small sign |
| Chrissi: ταμπελάκι [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: ταμπελάκι [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: συγυρίζω [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to tidy up, to groom oneself, to scold or punish (figuratively) |
| Chrissi: συγυρίζω [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: συγυρίζω [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: συρτάρι [natural native speed] |
| Eric: drawer (also used metaphorically for things that get forgotten) |
| Chrissi: συρτάρι [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: συρτάρι [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: χρωματιστός [natural native speed] |
| Eric: colorful |
| Chrissi: χρωματιστός [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: χρωματιστός [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: πληρώ [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to fulfill, to meet, to satisfy a requirement |
| Chrissi: πληρώ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: πληρώ [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: προϋπόθεση [natural native speed] |
| Eric: prerequisite, requirement, condition |
| Chrissi: προϋπόθεση [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: προϋπόθεση [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: αίθουσα [natural native speed] |
| Eric: room, classroom, hall, the people inside a room or hall |
| Chrissi: αίθουσα [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: αίθουσα [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Chrissi: σκίζομαι [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to be torn, to scratch oneself, to be scratched, to be ripped, to try very hard, to achieve a great victory |
| Chrissi: σκίζομαι [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: σκίζομαι [natural native speed] |
| Eric: And last... |
| Chrissi: επιστροφή [natural native speed] |
| Eric: return, coming back, refund |
| Chrissi: επιστροφή [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Chrissi: επιστροφή [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is... |
| Chrissi: ...πληρώ την προϋπόθεση... |
| Eric: ...which means “to fulfill,” “to meet” or “to satisfy a requirement.” |
| Chrissi: Πληρώ την προϋπόθεση consists of the verb πληρώ… |
| Eric: ...which means “to fulfill, to meet, to satisfy,” |
| Chrissi: ...and the noun προϋπόθεση... |
| Eric: ...which in English means “prerequisite, requirement, condition.” You can use this phrase in any situation, whether formal or informal. |
| Chrissi: You can also use other nouns with the verb πληρώ. For example, κριτήριο, προσόν, and όρος. |
| Eric: Which mean “criterion,” “qualification” or “asset” and “condition” respectively. |
| Chrissi: These nouns can also be in plural, but they should always be in the accusative case. |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using our phrase? |
| Chrissi: Sure. For example, you can say Δεν δικαιούται να πάρει σύνταξη, γιατί δεν πληροί τους όρους συνταξιοδότησης. |
| Eric: “He is not entitled to a pension because he doesn't meet the retirement conditions.” Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Chrissi: Καλή επιστροφή. |
| Eric: This means “Have a good return. Have a good journey home.” This is a very common thing Greeks say to someone who is on a trip back home. |
| Chrissi: Καλή επιστροφή consists of the feminine adjective καλή, meaning “good,” and of the feminine noun επιστροφή meaning “return.” |
| Eric: It literally means “Good return” as in “Have a good return.” In English it is more common to say “Have a good journey home.” You can use this phrase with anyone, whether strangers, family, friends. |
| Chrissi: Right. But you shouldn’t say this when they are leaving. |
| Eric: What can we say then? |
| Chrissi: You can say Στο καλό να πας και με το καλό να 'ρθεις, which roughly means “Farewell and may you come back safely.” |
| Eric: Ok, can you give us an example using our phrase? |
| Chrissi: Sure. Καλή επιστροφή και να προσέχετε στον δρόμο. |
| Eric: “Have a good journey home and be careful on the way.” Okay, what's the last word? |
| Chrissi: Χρωματιστός. |
| Eric: “Colorful.” |
| Chrissi: Χρωματιστός derives from the noun χρώμα, meaning “color.” |
| Eric: You can use this adjective in any type of situation. |
| Chrissi: Listeners, sometimes there might be some confusion with other similar words that derive from χρώμα. |
| Eric: You mean, for example, “colorful” versus “colored”? |
| Chrissi: Yes. In Greek the equivalent for “colored,” or in another words “of a particular color,” is χρωματισμένος. This is a passive voice participle and the connotation is that color has been applied to something, for example a wall or a coloring book. |
| Eric: Can we also use this word referring to a person belonging to a racial group not categorized as white? |
| Chrissi: No. In that case we say έγχρωμος, literally meaning “in color.” Listeners, please note, that in Greece έγχρωμος doesn’t have an offensive meaning at all. |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using our vocab word? |
| Chrissi: Okay. Το βάζο είναι φτιαγμένο από χρωματιστό γυαλί Murano. |
| Eric: This means “The vase is made of colorful Murano glass.” Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn some verbs that come from ancient Greek contract verbs. Back in ancient times, there were three groups of contract verbs in Greek. |
| Chrissi: Group A has verbs ending in -άω, group B has verbs ending in -έω, and group C has verbs ending in -όω. All those verbs got contracted to -ῶ ending verbs using a circumflex instead of an acute accent. |
| Eric: Today, in modern Greek, there are still relics from these ancient contract verbs. |
| Chrissi: One of these relics, which today are called archaic scholarly verbs, or in Greek αρχαιοπρεπή λόγια ρήματα, is the irregular verb πληρώ. |
| Eric: Meaning “to fulfill,” “to meet,” “to satisfy a requirement.” |
| Chrissi: Πληρώ comes from πληρόω, which is in group C of the contract verbs. Its conjugation is quite different from the usual verbs of the B conjugation group that end in an accented -ώ because it follows an archaic conjugation. |
| Eric: Listeners, please check its peculiar conjugation and especially the endings in the lesson notes. |
| Chrissi: This is because some forms that would normally use -ει- in the ending use -οι-. Most verbs, if not almost all, that used to end in -όω in ancient Greek have been adapted to today's modern conjugation system and have become verbs that end in -ώνω. Meaning that they have become conjugation A verbs. |
| Eric: For example... |
| Chrissi: ...ἀξιόω/-ῶ became αξιώνω... |
| Eric: ...“to claim, to assert”... |
| Chrissi: and απἀξιόω/-ῶ became απαξιώνω... |
| Eric: ...“to disdain, to scorn.” Okay, let's move onto our next grammar topic. |
| Chrissi: Ποιῶ is an ancient Greek contract verb that comes from ποιέω which belongs to the group B of contract verbs. |
| Eric: It means “to make,” or “to create.” |
| Chrissi: Today this verb has been replaced by the verb κάνω, |
| Eric: “to make, to do,” |
| Chrissi: φτιάχνω, |
| Eric: “to make, to fix,” |
| Chrissi: δημιουργώ |
| Eric: “to create.” But you might come across it in a few archaic standard expressions, usually related to God and the creation. |
| Chrissi: Right. And this isn’t the only way this verb has managed to survive in modern Greek. We can find it in many compound verbs that end in -ποιώ or -ποιούμαι in the passive voice. |
| Eric: Can you give us some examples? |
| Chrissi: Sure. For example αξιοποιώ, which means “to make good use of,” or απλοποιώ, which means “to simplify.” Other examples are χρησιμοποιώ, meaning “to use” and συνειδητοποιώ, which means “to realize.” |
| Eric: I would say it’s a very “productive” verb! Words that derive from this verb are not only compound verbs, right Chrissi? |
| Chrissi: Right. For example, we can have simple derivatives like ποίημα, which means “poem,” or ποιητής/ποιήτρια, meaning “poet”... |
| Eric: ...or compound nouns. |
| Chrissi: That's right. There are many compound nouns here. First we have those that end in -ποίηση, like προειδοποίηση, which means “warning.” We also have compound nouns that end in -ποιος, like ηθοποιός, “actor” and compound nouns that end in -ποιείο or -ποιία. |
| Eric: For example... |
| Chrissi: ...αρτοποιείο, which means “bakery.” |
| Eric: Finally, we also have compound adjectives ending in... |
| Chrissi: ...-ποίητος or -ποιητός. For example χειροποίητος, “handmade” or αχρησιμοποίητος, which means “unused.” |
| Eric: Listeners, we have more examples and explanations in the lesson notes, so please be sure to check them out. |
Outro |
| Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Chrissi: Γεια χαρά! |
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