Learn how to use the sentence pattern "as... as..."
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, I'm John. |
| Chrissi: And I'm Chrissi. |
| John: And welcome to Must-Know Greek Sentence Structures, Season 1, Lesson 4. Comparing Similar Objects. |
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use a sentence pattern for comparing two similar things. |
| PATTERN |
| John: For example, |
| John: "This winter is as cold as the previous one." |
| Chrissi: Αυτός ο χειμώνας είναι τόσο κρύος, όσο ο προηγούμενος. (Aftós o himónas íne tóso kríos, óso o proigúmenos.) |
| Chrissi: [slow] Αυτός ο χειμώνας είναι τόσο κρύος, όσο ο προηγούμενος. (Aftós o himónas íne tóso kríos, óso o proigúmenos.) |
| John: The pattern for comparing two similar things has five elements. First, a complement meaning "This winter is". |
| Chrissi: Αυτός ο χειμώνας είναι (Aftós o himónas íne). |
| John: Second, the adverb meaning "as". |
| Chrissi: τόσο (tóso). |
| John: Third, a masculine adjective in the nominative, meaning "cold". |
| Chrissi: κρύος (kríos). |
| John: Fourth, another adverb meaning "as". |
| Chrissi: όσο (óso). |
| John: And last, a masculine noun phrase in the nominative, meaning "the previous one". |
| Chrissi: ο προηγούμενος (o proigúmenos). |
| John: Altogether, we have... "This winter is as cold as the previous one." |
| Chrissi: Αυτός ο χειμώνας είναι τόσο κρύος, όσο ο προηγούμενος. (Aftós o himónas íne tóso kríos, óso o proigúmenos.) [slow] Αυτός ο χειμώνας είναι τόσο κρύος, όσο ο προηγούμενος. (Aftós o himónas íne tóso kríos, óso o proigúmenos.) [normal] Αυτός ο χειμώνας είναι τόσο κρύος, όσο ο προηγούμενος. (Aftós o himónas íne tóso kríos, óso o proigúmenos.) |
| John: This pattern starts with a complement that could include a noun phrase and a verb phrase, or just a verb phrase alone. The verb phrase doesn't necessarily have to contain the verb "to be." It can contain any verb. Next comes an adverb meaning "as" in this case... |
| Chrissi: τόσο (tóso) |
| John: What follows is a word or phrase that characterizes the things you are comparing, a comma, and another adverb, also meaning "as" in this structure. |
| Chrissi: όσο (óso). |
| John: At the end comes the second complement which could be another noun phrase, a verb phrase, a clause or even a single adverb, among others. |
| Chrissi: Αυτός ο χειμώνας είναι τόσο κρύος, όσο ο προηγούμενος. (Aftós o himónas íne tóso kríos, óso o proigúmenos.) |
| John: So remember, to compare two similar things, start with a noun phrase as the subject and a verb followed by the adverb meaning "as"... |
| Chrissi: τόσο (tóso)... |
| John: ...and a word that characterizes the things you are comparing. Then finish with another adverb also meaning "as"... |
| Chrissi: όσο (óso)... |
| John: ...and another noun phrase, verb phrase, or clause. |
| John: Here is another example meaning, "She is as sweet as her mother." First, the verb "to be" in the third person singular, meaning "She is". |
| Chrissi: Είναι (Íne). |
| John: Second, the adverb meaning "as". |
| Chrissi: τόσο (tóso). |
| John: Third, the feminine adjective in the nominative, meaning "sweet". |
| Chrissi: γλυκιά (glikiá). |
| John: Fourth, another adverb meaning "as". |
| Chrissi: όσο (óso). |
| John: And last, a feminine noun phrase in the nominative + a feminine possessive pronoun in the genitive, meaning "her mother". |
| Chrissi: η μητέρα της (i mitéra tis). |
| John: Altogether we have... |
| Chrissi: Είναι τόσο γλυκιά, όσο η μητέρα της. (Íne tóso glikiá, óso i mitéra tis.) [slow] Είναι τόσο γλυκιά, όσο η μητέρα της. (Íne tóso glikiá, óso i mitéra tis.) [normal] Είναι τόσο γλυκιά, όσο η μητέρα της. (Íne tóso glikiá, óso i mitéra tis.) |
| John: "She is as sweet as her mother." |
| [pause] |
| Chrissi: Είναι τόσο γλυκιά, όσο η μητέρα της. (Íne tóso glikiá, óso i mitéra tis.) |
| John: How do you say - "She is as light as me." To give you a hint, "light" in the feminine gender is... |
| Chrissi: ελαφριά (elafriá). [slow] ελαφριά (elafriá). [normal] ελαφριά (elafriá). |
| John: "She is as light as me." |
| [pause] |
| Chrissi: Είναι τόσο ελαφριά, όσο εγώ. (Íne tóso elafriá, óso egó.) [slow] Είναι τόσο ελαφριά, όσο εγώ. (Íne tóso elafriá, óso egó.) [normal] Είναι τόσο ελαφριά, όσο εγώ. (Íne tóso elafriá, óso egó.) |
| [pause] |
| Chrissi: Είναι τόσο ελαφριά, όσο εγώ. (Íne tóso elafriá, óso egó.) |
| REVIEW |
| John: Let's review the sentences from this lesson. I will tell you the English equivalent of the phrase and you are responsible for shouting it out loud in Greek. Here we go. |
| John: "This winter is as cold as the previous one." |
| [pause] |
| Chrissi: Αυτός ο χειμώνας είναι τόσο κρύος, όσο ο προηγούμενος. (Aftós o himónas íne tóso kríos, óso o proigúmenos.) |
| [pause] |
| Chrissi: Αυτός ο χειμώνας είναι τόσο κρύος, όσο ο προηγούμενος. (Aftós o himónas íne tóso kríos, óso o proigúmenos.) |
| John: "She is as sweet as her mother." |
| [pause] |
| Chrissi: Είναι τόσο γλυκιά, όσο η μητέρα της. (Íne tóso glikiá, óso i mitéra tis.) |
| [pause] |
| Chrissi: Είναι τόσο γλυκιά, όσο η μητέρα της. (Íne tóso glikiá, óso i mitéra tis.) |
| John: "She is as light as me." |
| [pause] |
| Chrissi: Είναι τόσο ελαφριά, όσο εγώ. (Íne tóso elafriá, óso egó.) |
| [pause] |
| Chrissi: Είναι τόσο ελαφριά, όσο εγώ. (Íne tóso elafriá, óso egó.) |
Outro |
|---|
| John: Okay. That's all for this lesson. You learned a pattern for comparing two similar things, as in... |
| Chrissi: Αυτός ο χειμώνας είναι τόσο κρύος, όσο ο προηγούμενος. (Aftós o himónas íne tóso kríos, óso o proigúmenos.) |
| John: meaning "This winter is as cold as the previous one." |
| John: You can find more vocab or phrases that go with this sentence pattern in the lesson notes. So please be sure to check them out on GreekPod101.com. Thanks everyone, see you next time! |
| Chrissi: Γεια χαρά! |
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