Learn about pronouns-specifically, reflexive and definite pronouns
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Jenny: Hello everyone and welcome back to GreekPod101.com. This is Intermediate, Season 1, lesson 20, That’s What Greek Friends Are For! I’m Jenny. |
| Stefania: And I’m Stefania. |
| Jenny: In this lesson, we’ll focus on pronouns, specifically on reflexive and definite pronouns. |
| Stefania: The conversation takes place at the house where Erató and Natalía live, and the conversation is between the two of them. |
| Jenny: The characters are sisters, so they'll be using informal Greek. Let's listen to the conversation! |
| DIALOGUE |
| Ναταλία: Να 'μαστε πάλι πίσω... Το Σαββατοκύριακο αυτό πότε ήρθε, πότε πέρασε, ούτε που το πήρα χαμπάρι. |
| Ερατώ: Έτσι είναι... άμα περνάς όμορφα! |
| Ναταλία: Να στείλουμε μήνυμα στον Σάκη, να δούμε αν έφτασε καλά; Ανησυχώ γιατί είχε πονοκέφαλο. |
| Ερατώ: Μα, κι αυτός πια... δεν τον έκαψε ο ήλιος στη Σαντορίνη και τον έκαψε στο καράβι; Ώρες ώρες δεν προσέχει καθόλου τον εαυτό του. |
| Ναταλία: Έλα ντε! Τι την ήθελε την ηλιοθεραπεία μόνος του έξω; Αν του στείλεις μήνυμα, πες του να βάλει γιαούρτι στην πλάτη του για να δροσιστεί. |
| Ερατώ: Δεν μπορώ τώρα. Στείλ' του εσύ η ίδια, που ανησυχείς κιόλας. Αλήθεια, γιατί τόσο ενδιαφέρον ξαφνικά; |
| Ναταλία: Έλα αηδίες…! Τον Σάκη ξέρεις πόσο τον αγαπώ... σαν φίλο όμως. |
| Ερατώ: Καλά... |
| Jenny: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Ναταλία: Να 'μαστε πάλι πίσω... Το Σαββατοκύριακο αυτό πότε ήρθε, πότε πέρασε, ούτε που το πήρα χαμπάρι. |
| Ερατώ: Έτσι είναι... άμα περνάς όμορφα! |
| Ναταλία: Να στείλουμε μήνυμα στον Σάκη, να δούμε αν έφτασε καλά; Ανησυχώ γιατί είχε πονοκέφαλο. |
| Ερατώ: Μα, κι αυτός πια... δεν τον έκαψε ο ήλιος στη Σαντορίνη και τον έκαψε στο καράβι; Ώρες ώρες δεν προσέχει καθόλου τον εαυτό του. |
| Ναταλία: Έλα ντε! Τι την ήθελε την ηλιοθεραπεία μόνος του έξω; Αν του στείλεις μήνυμα, πες του να βάλει γιαούρτι στην πλάτη του για να δροσιστεί. |
| Ερατώ: Δεν μπορώ τώρα. Στείλ' του εσύ η ίδια, που ανησυχείς κιόλας. Αλήθεια, γιατί τόσο ενδιαφέρον ξαφνικά; |
| Ναταλία: Έλα αηδίες…! Τον Σάκη ξέρεις πόσο τον αγαπώ... σαν φίλο όμως. |
| Ερατώ: Καλά... |
| Jenny: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Ναταλία: Να 'μαστε πάλι πίσω... Το Σαββατοκύριακο αυτό πότε ήρθε, πότε πέρασε, ούτε που το πήρα χαμπάρι. |
| Jenny: So, here we are, back again... I didn't even realize how quickly this weekend passed by. |
| Ερατώ: Έτσι είναι... άμα περνάς όμορφα! |
| Jenny: That's how it goes… if you are having a good time! |
| Ναταλία: Να στείλουμε μήνυμα στον Σάκη, να δούμε αν έφτασε καλά; Ανησυχώ γιατί είχε πονοκέφαλο. |
| Jenny: Should we send a message to Saki and see if he got back okay? I’m worried because he had a headache. |
| Ερατώ: Μα, κι αυτός πια... δεν τον έκαψε ο ήλιος στη Σαντορίνη και τον έκαψε στο καράβι; Ώρες ώρες δεν προσέχει καθόλου τον εαυτό του. |
| Jenny: Oh, that boy... he didn't get sunburned from the sun in Santorini and then he got burned on the ferry? Sometimes he just doesn't take care of himself at all. |
| Ναταλία: Έλα ντε! Τι την ήθελε την ηλιοθεραπεία μόνος του έξω; Αν του στείλεις μήνυμα, πες του να βάλει γιαούρτι στην πλάτη του για να δροσιστεί. |
| Jenny: Right! Why did he want to sunbathe by himself outside? If you send him a message, tell him to put some yogurt on his back to cool it down. |
| Ερατώ: Δεν μπορώ τώρα. Στείλ' του εσύ η ίδια, που ανησυχείς κιόλας. Αλήθεια, γιατί τόσο ενδιαφέρον ξαφνικά; |
| Jenny: I can't now. You text him, since you’re so worried about it. Really, why so much interest all of a sudden? |
| Ναταλία: Έλα αηδίες…! Τον Σάκη ξέρεις πόσο τον αγαπώ... σαν φίλο όμως. |
| Jenny: Come on, that's rubbish…! You know how much I love Saki... as a friend though. |
| Ερατώ: Καλά... |
| Jenny: OK... |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Jenny: Hmm… Natalia seems to care a lot for Saki. |
| Stefania: That's what friends are for! |
| Jenny: And what was that tip about putting yogurt on a sunburn? |
| Stefania: Oh, that's just a popular Greek home remedy. It cools down and moisturizes the skin. |
| Jenny: What are some other home remedies? |
| Stefania: Well, something everyone knows is, for example, soaking an aching tooth in ouzo to numb the area for quick relief until you go to the dentist. |
| Jenny: Sounds… interesting! I might try that if I ever get a toothache. |
| Stefania: Just don't drink it, OK? Oh and soaking the tooth will burn at first. You could also chew a clove. Its essential oil will numb the area a bit. |
| Jenny: You're right, they use that same essential oil in dentistry. It's what gives dental offices that distinct smell. Okay, now let’s move on to the vocab. |
| Vocab list |
| Jenny: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first phrase we shall see is: |
| Stefania: πότε ήρθε, πότε πέρασε [natural native speed] |
| Jenny: expression used when a specific time period passed by really quickly |
| Stefania: πότε ήρθε, πότε πέρασε [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: πότε ήρθε, πότε πέρασε [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: παίρνω χαμπάρι [natural native speed] |
| Jenny: to realize, to notice |
| Stefania: παίρνω χαμπάρι [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: παίρνω χαμπάρι [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: άμα [natural native speed] |
| Jenny: if, as soon as, when |
| Stefania: άμα [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: άμα [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: πονοκέφαλος [natural native speed] |
| Jenny: headache, annoying matter or problem (figuratively) |
| Stefania: πονοκέφαλος [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: πονοκέφαλος [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: Έλα ντε! [natural native speed] |
| Jenny: a response when one does not have an answer to a question just asked, or agrees to something just said |
| Stefania: Έλα ντε! [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: Έλα ντε! [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: ηλιοθεραπεία [natural native speed] |
| Jenny: sunbathing |
| Stefania: ηλιοθεραπεία [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: ηλιοθεραπεία [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: μόνος μου [natural native speed] |
| Jenny: by myself |
| Stefania: μόνος μου [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: μόνος μου [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: πλάτη [natural native speed] |
| Jenny: back, backrest |
| Stefania: πλάτη [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: πλάτη [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: δροσίζω [natural native speed] |
| Jenny: to cool, to make colder |
| Stefania: δροσίζω [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: δροσίζω [natural native speed] |
| : And Last: |
| Stefania: αηδίες [natural native speed] |
| Jenny: rubbish, nonsense, humbug |
| Stefania: αηδίες [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: αηδίες [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Jenny: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. What's first? |
| Stefania: First we have the expression πότε ήρθε, πότε πέρασε, which is used when a specific time period has passed by really quickly. The structure πότε + verb, πότε + verb can be used with a variety of verbs to mean the same thing. For example, Η κόρη μας πάει πανεπιστήμιο τώρα. Πότε γεννήθηκε, πότε μεγάλωσε…. |
| Jenny: Which means "Our daughter is going to university now. She grew up so fast…" This expression can either stand alone, like in this example, or be placed within a sentence, like in our dialogue. |
| Stefania: Where we had Το Σαββατοκύριακο αυτό πότε ήρθε, πότε πέρασε, ούτε που το πήρα χαμπάρι. |
| Jenny: "I didn't even realize how quickly this weekend passed by." The translation varies according to the context. |
| Stefania: Next we have the expression παίρνω χαμπάρι. Χαμπάρι is a loan word meaning "news." For example, Τι χαμπάρια; |
| Jenny: Meaning "What's new?" or "What's up?" in a very colloquial and macho way. |
| Stefania: When you say παίρνω χαμπάρι, it means "to realize" or "to notice" colloquially. In both formal and casual situations you can also say παίρνω είδηση. Eίδηση is the native Greek word for "news" in singular. |
| Jenny: OK. What's last? |
| Stefania: Έλα ντε! |
| Jenny: It’s an expression used as a response when someone doesn't have an answer to a question. Can you give us an example? |
| Stefania: Aπορώ, πού τα βρήκαν τόσα λεφτά; |
| Jenny: "I'm wondering, where did they get all that money from?" |
| Stefania: Έλα ντε! |
| Jenny: "Search me!" This can also be used when someone agrees with something that has just been said. |
| Stefania: For example, Ώρες ώρες δεν προσέχει καθόλου τον εαυτό του. |
| Jenny: "Sometimes he just doesn't take care of himself at all." |
| Stefania: Έλα ντε! |
| Jenny: "Right!" |
| Stefania: Έλα ντε! basically expresses agreement with the feelings of the person who asked a question or stated something. |
| Jenny: Which means that its translation might vary. Okay, now onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Stefania: In this lesson, you’ll learn about reflexive and definite pronouns. |
| Jenny: These are the third and fourth groups of the Greek pronouns. The reflexive pronouns denote that the person who acts is the same person who receives that action. |
| Stefania: To form a reflexive pronoun, we need the masculine-only pronoun εαυτός, meaning "self," which is declined like the adjective καλός, -ή, -ό. |
| Jenny: You always use it in combination with a definite article and the genitive case weak forms of the personal pronouns, without an accent mark. |
| Stefania: For example, ο εαυτός μου, ο εαυτός σου, and ο εαυτός του. |
| Jenny: Those would be “myself,” “yourself,” and “himself.” Reflexiveness can exist when we have an action that "goes back" to the person who caused it. For that we need a transitive verb. Since the recipient of that action is the object of the verb, and the Greek object can be in either genitive or accusative case, reflexive pronouns are only found in genitive and accusative. |
| Stefania: Nominative and vocative forms do exist, but they're not considered reflexive pronouns. Check out the lesson notes for more detailed examples. |
| Jenny: Now let's move on to the definite pronouns. Those define and distinguish someone from someone else, or something from something else. There are two types here. |
| Stefania: First up are definite pronouns that use the adjective ίδιος, ίδια, ίδιο, always with the article, meaning "same" or "just like,". For example, ο ίδιος, "himself." Their declension is like -ος, -α, -ο adjectives, and you shouldn’t confuse these pronouns with the normal adjective which uses no article. Notice the difference. Μου τηλεφώνησε η ίδια. |
| Jenny: "She called me herself." SHE called me, not someone else. It’s a pronoun here. |
| Stefania: Μου είπε ότι είμαι ίδια η αδερφή μου. |
| Jenny: "She told me I look just like my sister." And here it’s an adjective. |
| Stefania: The second type are definite pronouns that use the adjective μόνος, μόνη, μόνο. |
| Jenny: That means "alone", "sole", "the only" or "the only one", but this time without the article and combined with the genitive case weak forms of the personal pronouns without an accent mark. |
| Stefania: For example, μόνος μου, "by myself." "Mónos" can appear as a normal adjective... declined like -os, -i -o adjectives, so it shouldn't get confused with the pronoun. Notice the subtle difference. Κάνει τα μαθήματά του μόνος του. |
| Jenny: "He does his homework by himself." Meaning he does it without any help from someone else. This sentence uses the pronoun. |
| Stefania: Κάνει τα μαθήματά του μόνος. |
| Jenny: “He does his homework alone.” Meaning he does it with no company. Here we used the adjective. |
Outro |
|---|
| Jenny: Well, that's all for this lesson everyone! Thanks for listening, and we’ll see you next time. |
| Stefania: Γεια χαρά! |
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