Learn about the groups of masculine adjectives ending in -ύς, -ής and -άς
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Brandon: Hello everyone and welcome to GreekPod101.com. This is Intermediate, Season 1, lesson 14, Arriving at the Santorini Hotel. I’m Brandon. |
| Stefania: And I’m Stefania. in this lesson, we’ll focus on groups of masculine adjectives ending in -ís with ypsilon, -ís with eeta and -ás. |
| Brandon: This conversation takes place on the street, initially, and later on in a hotel. |
| Stefania: It's between Erato, Natalia, and Sakis. |
| Brandon: The characters are good friends, so they’ll be using informal Greek. |
| Stefania: OK, let's listen to the conversation! |
| DIALOGUE |
| Ερατώ: Εκεί είναι το ξενοδοχείο! Δίπλα στο θαλασσί κτίριο. Είναι χτισμένο κυριολεκτικά μέσα στον βράχο! |
| Ναταλία: Επιτέλους, το βρήκαμε! |
| Ερατώ: Σιγά βρε φωνακλού, ηρέμησε! |
| (μετά από λίγο) |
| Υπάλληλος: Γεια σας! |
| Ερατώ: Γεια σας. Έχω κάνει μια κράτηση στο όνομα Γεωργίου. |
| Υπάλληλος: Α, ναι σας περιμέναμε! Καλωσήρθατε! Λοιπόν, τα δωμάτιά σας είναι έτοιμα και βρίσκονται στον δεύτερο όροφο. Το 21 είναι το δίκλινο και το μονόκλινο είναι το 23. Να φωνάξω κάποιον να μεταφέρει τις αποσκευές σας; |
| Σάκης: Αφήστε το. Δεν είναι βαρύ το σακ βουαγιάζ των κοριτσιών. Θα το μεταφέρω εγώ. |
| Ναταλία: Τότε θα πάρουμε εμείς το σακίδιό σου που είναι ελαφρύ. |
| Υπάλληλος: Όπως επιθυμείτε. Θα πληρώσετε με μετρητά ή με πιστωτική κάρτα; |
| Ερατώ: Με μετρητά. |
| Brandon: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Ερατώ: Εκεί είναι το ξενοδοχείο! Δίπλα στο θαλασσί κτίριο. Είναι χτισμένο κυριολεκτικά μέσα στον βράχο! |
| Ναταλία: Επιτέλους, το βρήκαμε! |
| Ερατώ: Σιγά βρε φωνακλού, ηρέμησε! |
| (μετά από λίγο) |
| Υπάλληλος: Γεια σας! |
| Ερατώ: Γεια σας. Έχω κάνει μια κράτηση στο όνομα Γεωργίου. |
| Υπάλληλος: Α, ναι σας περιμέναμε! Καλωσήρθατε! Λοιπόν, τα δωμάτιά σας είναι έτοιμα και βρίσκονται στον δεύτερο όροφο. Το 21 είναι το δίκλινο και το μονόκλινο είναι το 23. Να φωνάξω κάποιον να μεταφέρει τις αποσκευές σας; |
| Σάκης: Αφήστε το. Δεν είναι βαρύ το σακ βουαγιάζ των κοριτσιών. Θα το μεταφέρω εγώ. |
| Ναταλία: Τότε θα πάρουμε εμείς το σακίδιό σου που είναι ελαφρύ. |
| Υπάλληλος: Όπως επιθυμείτε. Θα πληρώσετε με μετρητά ή με πιστωτική κάρτα; |
| Ερατώ: Με μετρητά. |
| Brandon: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Ερατώ: Εκεί είναι το ξενοδοχείο! Δίπλα στο θαλασσί κτίριο. Είναι χτισμένο κυριολεκτικά μέσα στον βράχο! |
| Brandon: There’s the hotel! Next to the light blue building. It's literally built inside the rock! |
| Ναταλία: Επιτέλους, το βρήκαμε! |
| Brandon: Finally, we found it! |
| Ερατώ: Σιγά βρε φωνακλού, ηρέμησε! |
| Brandon: Take it easy loudmouth, relax! |
| (μετά από λίγο) |
| Brandon(After a while) |
| Υπάλληλος: Γεια σας! |
| Brandon: Hello! |
| Ερατώ: Γεια σας. Έχω κάνει μια κράτηση στο όνομα Γεωργίου. |
| Brandon: Hello. I've made a reservation under the name of Georgiou. |
| Υπάλληλος: Α, ναι σας περιμέναμε! Καλωσήρθατε! Λοιπόν, τα δωμάτιά σας είναι έτοιμα και βρίσκονται στον δεύτερο όροφο. Το 21 είναι το δίκλινο και το μονόκλινο είναι το 23. Να φωνάξω κάποιον να μεταφέρει τις αποσκευές σας; |
| Brandon: Oh, yes we were expecting you! Welcome! So, your rooms are ready and are located on the second floor. Room twenty-one is the double and the single is room twenty-three. Should I call someone to carry your luggage? |
| Σάκης: Αφήστε το. Δεν είναι βαρύ το σακ βουαγιάζ των κοριτσιών. Θα το μεταφέρω εγώ. |
| Brandon: No need. The girls’ duffel bag isn’t heavy. I'll carry it. |
| Ναταλία: Τότε θα πάρουμε εμείς το σακίδιό σου που είναι ελαφρύ. |
| Brandon: Then we’ll take your backpack, since it's light. |
| Υπάλληλος: Όπως επιθυμείτε. Θα πληρώσετε με μετρητά ή με πιστωτική κάρτα; |
| Brandon: As you like. Will you pay with cash or with a credit card? |
| Ερατώ: Με μετρητά. |
| Brandon: With cash. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Brandon: I've seen pictures of Santorini and I must say that the architecture is quite unique. The houses accenting the steep and colorful cliffs are stunning. |
| Stefania: That's why they’re protected by law. The spectacular houses are called υπόσκαφα, and they’re actually carved in the cliffs by hand. |
| Brandon: That must be hard work! |
| Stefania: Yeah, but the soil is quite soft because of the volcanic ash and pumice stone. |
| Brandon: Being built into the cliffs, the houses must be resistant to earthquakes and provide good insulation against extreme weather conditions. |
| Stefania: Right, they only need good ventilation. |
| Brandon: Staying in a house like that sounds like a must-have experience in Santorini! |
| Stefania: It is… if you can afford it! |
| Brandon: True! Okay, now let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| Vocab list |
| Brandon: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first word we shall see is: |
| Stefania: δίπλα [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: next to |
| Stefania: δίπλα [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: δίπλα [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: θαλασσής [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: of light blue color |
| Stefania: θαλασσής [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: θαλασσής [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: χτισμένος [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: built |
| Stefania: χτισμένος [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: χτισμένος [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: κυριολεκτικά [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: literally |
| Stefania: κυριολεκτικά [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: κυριολεκτικά [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: μεταφέρω [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: to carry, to transport, to transfer |
| Stefania: μεταφέρω [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: μεταφέρω [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: αποσκευή [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: a piece of luggage |
| Stefania: αποσκευή [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: αποσκευή [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: βαρύς [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: heavy |
| Stefania: βαρύς [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: βαρύς [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: σακίδιο [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: backpack |
| Stefania: σακίδιο [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: σακίδιο [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: ελαφρύς [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: light |
| Stefania: ελαφρύς [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: ελαφρύς [natural native speed] |
| : And Last: |
| Stefania: επιθυμώ [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: to desire, to want |
| Stefania: επιθυμώ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: επιθυμώ [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Brandon: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. What do we have first? |
| Stefania: The word δίπλα. |
| Brandon: It’s a locative adverb meaning "next to." In general it denotes proximity between two things or locations. Sometimes it’s repeated twice for more emphasis, like in the sample sentence... |
| Stefania: Τα σπίτια μας είναι δίπλα δίπλα. |
| Brandon: "Our houses are right next to each other." |
| Stefania: Δίπλα can be also used metaphorically when we make a comparison between two things or people. For example Δίπλα στον Γιώργο, ο Nίκος είναι άγγελος. |
| Brandon: Meaning "George is an angel, compared to Nick." Is there anything else here? |
| Stefania: Yes, we also use δίπλα as an adjective, for instance, Το δίπλα κτίριο, |
| Brandon: "the building next door." |
| Stefania: It’s even used as a noun. Οι δίπλα είναι πολύ ήσυχοι άνθρωποι. |
| Brandon: "The people next door are very quiet.” And what about that Greek dessert...? |
| Stefania: ...Oh, you mean δίπλα or δίπλες in plural. That’s a different noun, which can also mean "crease." |
| Brandon: OK. What's next? |
| Stefania: The noun αποσκευή, |
| Brandon: meaning "a piece of luggage." "Luggage" is a collective noun in English, but not in Greek, right? |
| Stefania: Right. |
| Brandon: That means we have to use it with singular and plural, like a normal noun. And what's last? |
| Stefania: The adjectives βαρύς and ελαφρύς. |
| Brandon: They’re opposites, “heavy” and “light.” |
| Stefania: Yes. Although these two adjectives belong to the -ύς, -ιά, -ύ group from this lesson, sometimes we see βαρύς as a scholarly βαρύς -εία -ύ adjective, and ελαφρύς as an ελαφρός -ιά -ό adjective. |
| Brandon: Okay, now onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Stefania: In this lesson, we’re going to learn about groups of masculine adjectives ending in -ύς with ύψιλον, -ής with ήτα and -άς. |
| Brandon: Previously we saw groups of adjectives whose masculine form ends in -os. It is not the only ending for masculine adjectives though. In this lesson we’ll see four more adjective groups. |
| Stefania: That’s right. |
| Brandon: Listeners, open up your lesson notes now! It’s important to see the correct spelling of the endings while listening. So, what's our first group? |
| Stefania: The -ύς, -εία -ύ group with ύψιλον, έψιλον-γιώτα and ύψιλον. |
| Brandon: What’s cool about these adjectives is that they’ve preserved almost the same formation they had in ancient Greek. They’re usually used in very formal speech and in specific scholarly expressions. Stefania, can you give us an example? |
| Stefania: The adjective βραχύς, -εία, -ύ, |
| Brandon: meaning "short" or "brief." |
| Stefania: Next we have the -ύς, -ιά, -ύ group with ύψιλον, γιώτα, ύψιλον. For example, βαρύς, -ιά, -ύ. |
| Brandon: It means “heavy.” The third group will sound the same as the second group but the spelling is different, so keep those notes visible! |
| Stefania: We’re talking about the -ής, -ιά, -ί group with ήτα, γιώτα, γιώτα. For example θαλασσής, -ιά, -ί, meaning "light blue." |
| Brandon: Keep in mind that in the first three groups, the genitive case of the masculine and neuter forms is rarely used, except in cases where the speech is casual. |
| Stefania: That’s right! Now the last group is the -άς, -ού, -άδικο/ούδικο. For example, φωνακλάς, -ού, -άδικο/ούδικο. |
| Brandon: It means “loudmouth.” Here we see adjectives that in general denote a person or a living creature that has a particular characteristic. |
| Stefania: Yes. Finally I need to mention two more important things. First, keep in mind that the υ of masculine -ύς and neuter -ύ adjectives is preserved only in the singular number… |
| Brandon: ...And second… |
| Stefania: The adjective πολύς, πολλή, πολύ, |
| Brandon: This was from lesson 20 of our Upper Beginner series and means "much" or "a lot." |
| Stefania: It doesn’t belong to any of the -ύς categories that we mentioned before. |
| Brandon: It’s irregular and follows its own unique declension. Check out our lesson notes for more details! |
Outro |
|---|
| Brandon: OK. That's it for this lesson everyone! Thanks for listening, and we’ll see you next time. |
| Stefania: Γεια χαρά! |
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