Learn about the passive voice of the first conjugation group and, specifically, the present, future progressive, and past progressive tenses
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Brandon: Hello everyone, and welcome back to GreekPod101.com. This is Intermediate, Season 1, lesson 11, Think Twice Before You Pack Your Suitcase in Greece. I’m Brandon. |
| Stefania: And I’m Stefania. |
| Brandon: In this lesson, you will learn about the passive voice in the first conjugation group, and specifically the present, future progressive and past progressive tense. |
| Stefania: This conversation takes place at Erato and Natalia’s house. It's between Erato and Natalia. |
| Brandon: The characters are sisters, so they’ll be using informal Greek. OK, let's listen to the conversation! |
| DIALOGUE |
| Ναταλία: Λοιπόν, θα πάρω αυτό το μαγιό, το άσπρο. Θα αναδείξει το μαύρισμά μου. |
| Ερατώ: Αστειεύεσαι; Το άσπρο; Αφού θα πάμε στις θερμές πηγές του ηφαιστείου... |
| Ναταλία: Ε, και; |
| Ερατώ: Τα νερά εκεί είναι κίτρινα από το θειάφι και θα λεκιάσουν το μαγιό σου. |
| Ναταλία: Α, δεν το ήξερα αυτό. Καλά που μου το είπες. Τότε θα πάρω και το μαύρο μαγιό μαζί μου για τις θερμές πηγές. |
| Ερατώ: Μην ξεχάσεις να πάρεις και τα αθλητικά σου παπούτσια. Το τουρ περιλαμβάνει και ανάβαση στο ηφαίστειο. Μην πας με τις σαγιονάρες όπως κάνουν οι τουρίστες! |
| Ναταλία: Τα έχω ήδη βάλει μέσα στο σακ βουαγιάζ. Λοιπόν, αντιηλιακό πήρα, καλλυντικά πήρα, ρούχα, εσώρουχα, παπούτσια, κοκαλάκια για τα μαλλιά... μήπως ξεχνάω κάτι; |
| Ερατώ: Αντικουνουπικό σπρέι για το βράδυ πήρες; |
| Ναταλία: Αυτό ξέχασα μόνο! Μπράβο ρε συ Ερατώ... Λοιπόν βάζω το σπρέι στην τσάντα μου και νομίζω ότι είμαι κομπλέ. |
| Ερατώ: Ωραία, άντε να ξεκουραστούμε τώρα γιατί έχουμε πρωινό ξύπνημα αύριο! |
| ……….. |
| Brandon: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Ναταλία: Λοιπόν, θα πάρω αυτό το μαγιό, το άσπρο. Θα αναδείξει το μαύρισμά μου. |
| Brandon: So, I'm going to take this swimsuit, the white one. It's going to help show my tan better. |
| Ερατώ: Αστειεύεσαι; Το άσπρο; Αφού θα πάμε στις θερμές πηγές του ηφαιστείου... |
| Brandon: Are you kidding? The white one? But we're going to the volcanic hot springs... |
| Ναταλία: Ε, και; |
| Brandon: So what? |
| Ερατώ: Τα νερά εκεί είναι κίτρινα από το θειάφι και θα λεκιάσουν το μαγιό σου. |
| Brandon: The waters there are yellow from the sulfur and they will stain your swimsuit. |
| Ναταλία: Α, δεν το ήξερα αυτό. Καλά που μου το είπες. Τότε θα πάρω και το μαύρο μαγιό μαζί μου για τις θερμές πηγές. |
| Brandon: Oh, I didn't know that. Good thing you told me. Then I will also take the black swimsuit with me for the hot springs. |
| Ερατώ: Μην ξεχάσεις να πάρεις και τα αθλητικά σου παπούτσια. Το τουρ περιλαμβάνει και ανάβαση στο ηφαίστειο. Μην πας με τις σαγιονάρες όπως κάνουν οι τουρίστες! |
| Brandon: Don't forget to take your sports shoes with you as well. The tour also includes a hike up to the volcano. Don't go with flip flops like the tourists do! |
| Ναταλία: Τα έχω ήδη βάλει μέσα στο σακ βουαγιάζ. Λοιπόν, αντιηλιακό πήρα, καλλυντικά πήρα, ρούχα, εσώρουχα, παπούτσια, κοκαλάκια για τα μαλλιά... μήπως ξεχνάω κάτι; |
| Brandon: I've already put them in the duffel bag. So, sunscreen: check, cosmetics: check, clothes, underwear, shoes, hair clips...am I forgetting something? |
| Ερατώ: Αντικουνουπικό σπρέι για το βράδυ πήρες; |
| Brandon: Did you get mosquito repellent for the night? |
| Ναταλία: Αυτό ξέχασα μόνο! Μπράβο ρε συ Ερατώ... Λοιπόν βάζω το σπρέι στην τσάντα μου και νομίζω ότι είμαι κομπλέ. |
| Brandon: That's the only thing I forgot! Good job, Erato... So, I'm putting the spray in my bag and I'm set! |
| Ερατώ: Ωραία, άντε να ξεκουραστούμε τώρα γιατί έχουμε πρωινό ξύπνημα αύριο! |
| Brandon: Great, now let's get some rest because we have to wake up early tomorrow! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Brandon: Alright, let’s talk a little about the island of Santorini, famous for its volcano and the hot springs. It sounds like an interesting place! |
| Stefania: It is! But Santorini is actually a group of volcanic islands. They say it used to have a round shape until a very violent eruption during the later Bronze Age. |
| Brandon: And is the volcano active today? |
| Stefania: No, it’s dormant. The only activity is a few fumaroles, which are holes that release hot vapors and gases, and the hot springs. From my experience, the springs aren’t really that hot, but they do have a lot of sulfur. |
| Brandon: The sulfur is what makes the water there yellowish. Does it really stain? |
| Stefania: Yes, it can stain your swimsuit, towel and clothes, so after you’ve been there, you have to shower and rub it off well. It will leave your skin silky smooth, though! |
| Brandon: I hope I get to try it someday! Okay, now let’s move on to the vocab. |
| Vocab list |
| Brandon: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first word we shall see is: |
| Stefania: μαγιό [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: swimsuit |
| Stefania: μαγιό [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: μαγιό [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: αναδεικνύω [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: to help show better, to elect |
| Stefania: αναδεικνύω [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: αναδεικνύω [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: μαύρισμα [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: tan, blackening |
| Stefania: μαύρισμα [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: μαύρισμα [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: ηφαίστειο [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: volcano |
| Stefania: ηφαίστειο [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: ηφαίστειο [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: θειάφι [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: sulfur |
| Stefania: θειάφι [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: θειάφι [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: σακ βουαγιάζ [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: duffel bag |
| Stefania: σακ βουαγιάζ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: σακ βουαγιάζ [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: αντιηλιακό [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: sunscreen |
| Stefania: αντιηλιακό [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: αντιηλιακό [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: κοκαλάκι [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: small bone, hair styling accessory (figuratively) |
| Stefania: κοκαλάκι [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: κοκαλάκι [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Stefania: αντικουνουπικός [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: anti-mosquito, mosquito repellent |
| Stefania: αντικουνουπικός [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: αντικουνουπικός [natural native speed] |
| : And Last: |
| Stefania: κομπλέ [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: complete, full |
| Stefania: κομπλέ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: κομπλέ [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Brandon: Let's take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. What do we have first Stefania? |
| Stefania: First we have the compound verb "αναδεικνύω" which is made up of the prefix "ανα-," meaning "up," and the old verb "δεικνύω," meaning "to show." Today we say "δείχνω" instead of "δεικνύω." |
| Brandon: This verb indicates that something that wasn’t very visible before has become visible by, in a way, bringing all the elements that make it stand out up to the surface. |
| Stefania: So basically it means "to help show better." However, in a more figurative sense, it can mean "to elect." For example "Οι τελευταίες εκλογές ανέδειξαν τους εξής βουλευτές: (...)" |
| Brandon: "The following members of the parliament were elected in the last elections: (...)." OK. What's next? |
| Stefania: Next we have "Σακ βουαγιάζ," a noun that comes from the French expression "sac de voyage." This became incorporated into Greek as an indeclinable noun. |
| Brandon: Many foreign loan words become indeclinable when they are introduced into Greek. |
| Stefania: That’s right. The part "σακ" stands for "sack" and the part "βουαγιάζ" stands for "voyage." All together it means "travelling bag," but in English it's basically a duffel bag. |
| Brandon: Okay, and what do we have last? |
| Stefania: Last we have "Aντιηλιακό" and "αντικουνουπικός." |
| Brandon: These respectively mean "sunscreen" and "anti-mosquito," or "mosquito repellent." |
| Stefania: Both compound words have the prefix, αντι-, which is the same as the English prefix “anti-.” It means "against." "Aντιηλιακό" is also made up of "ηλιακός" meaning "solar," and "αντικουνουπικός" has "κουνουπικός," a word related to "κουνούπι," which means "mosquito." |
| Brandon: So in a literal sense they mean "against the sun" and "against mosquitoes." |
| Stefania: That’s right. As a noun, αντιηλιακό means “sunscreen,” but you can also use it as an adjective. For example "αντιηλιακή κρέμα," "suntan lotion." |
| Brandon: Okay, now onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Brandon: In this lesson, you’ll learn about the passive voice of the first conjugation group, specifically the present, future progressive and past progressive tenses. |
| Stefania: In previous series, you were introduced to some mediopassive verbs and their endings for the indicative of the present and past progressive tense. These endings are basically the passive voice endings of the first conjugation group, which we will be reviewing again in this lesson. |
| Brandon: However, first we need to explain the difference between a mediopassive verb and a passive voice verb to avoid any confusion or connection between the two. |
| Stefania: The term "mediopassive," in modern Greek specifically, refers to a verb's diathesis, or its semantic properties. This is opposed to its more formal characteristics, such as its ending. |
| Brandon: In our first lesson we said that the mediopassive diathesis simply shows that the subject of the verb is doing an action and the action "returns" back to the subject. |
| Stefania: But the passive voice is actually all the verb forms that have a -μαι ending in the first person singular of the present tense indicative mood. Looking at the first conjugation group, the verbs which are in the passive voice end in an unaccented -ομαι in the present tense. |
| Brandon: In our lesson notes we have provided two verbs, fully conjugated in all the forms that use the present stem in passive voice, along with some useful tips. So make sure to check them out. |
| Stefania: This stem is the same for both the active and the passive voice. Now, before we close this lesson, we’d like to introduce 3 points of which you should be aware. |
| Brandon: Number 1 - Keep in mind that a passive voice verb isn’t necessarily a mediopassive verb. |
| Stefania: Number 2 - Passive voice verbs in Greek don't always get rendered in English by using the English passive voice. For example "ξεκουράζομαι" is a neutral diathesis verb in passive voice that is translated as "I rest," in the active voice in English. |
| Brandon: And number 3 - Sometimes the meaning of a verb might differ slightly between active and passive voice. |
| Stefania: For example "δανείζω" in active voice means "to loan" or "to lend," but "δανείζομαι" in passive voice means "to take out a loan" or "to borrow," NOT "to be lent." |
| Brandon: So we can see that the semantics of Greek verbs play an important role when you want to translate them into English properly. |
| Stefania: But the most important thing now is to learn those passive endings of the 1st conjugation group well, since most Greek verbs belong to this group. |
Outro |
|---|
| Brandon: And that's just about it for this lesson, everyone! Thanks for listening, and we’ll see you next time. Bye! |
| Stefania: Γεια χαρά! |
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