Learn about the Greek verb echo, meaning "to have," specifically in the first person in the singular and the plural
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Fay: Hello, and welcome back to GreekPod101.com – the fastest, easiest, and most fun way to learn Greek. Beginner Season 1, Lesson 14 - To Have and Have Not in Greece. Thanks for joining us for this Beginner series. I’m Fay. |
| Chrissi: I’m Chrissi. |
| Fay: What are we learning in this lesson? |
| Chrissi: We are looking at the verb “echo” (“to have”) in the first person. |
| Fay: The conversation takes place at the software company in Athens. |
| Chrissi: It’s between Petra Gordon and her Greek co-worker, Vaggelis Thomaidis. |
| Fay: The characters are co-workers, so the conversation is informal. |
| Chrissi: Let’s listen. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Πέτρα Γκόρντον: Έχω ένα πρότζεκτ που πρέπει να τελειώσω και θα ήθελα λίγο τη βοήθειά σου, όταν μπορείς. |
| Ευαγγελία Θωμαΐδη: Έχω αρκετό ελεύθερο χρόνο τώρα –πες μου. |
| Πέτρα Γκόρντον: Έχουμε πρόσβαση στον σέρβερ; |
| Ευαγγελία Θωμαΐδη: Ναι, έχω τους κωδικούς. |
| Πέτρα Γκόρντον: Λοιπόν, έχουμε αυτή τη βάση δεδομένων... |
| Fay: Now let’s listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| Πέτρα Γκόρντον: Έχω ένα πρότζεκτ που πρέπει να τελειώσω και θα ήθελα λίγο τη βοήθειά σου, όταν μπορείς. |
| Ευαγγελία Θωμαΐδη: Έχω αρκετό ελεύθερο χρόνο τώρα –πες μου. |
| Πέτρα Γκόρντον: Έχουμε πρόσβαση στον σέρβερ; |
| Ευαγγελία Θωμαΐδη: Ναι, έχω τους κωδικούς. |
| Πέτρα Γκόρντον: Λοιπόν, έχουμε αυτή τη βάση δεδομένων... |
| Fay: Now with the English translation. |
| Πέτρα Γκόρντον: Έχω ένα πρότζεκτ που πρέπει να τελειώσω και θα ήθελα λίγο τη βοήθειά σου, όταν μπορείς. |
| Fay: I have a project that I have to finish and would like some help, when you can. |
| Ευαγγελία Θωμαΐδη: Έχω αρκετό ελεύθερο χρόνο τώρα –πες μου. |
| Fay: I have enough free time now—tell me. |
| Πέτρα Γκόρντον: Έχουμε πρόσβαση στον σέρβερ; |
| Fay: Do we have access to the server? |
| Ευαγγελία Θωμαΐδη: Ναι, έχω τους κωδικούς. |
| Fay: Yes, I have the access codes. |
| Πέτρα Γκόρντον: Λοιπόν, έχουμε αυτή τη βάση δεδομένων... |
| Fay: So we have this database... |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Fay: There are two English words in there! |
| Chrissi: Yes – project and server. |
| Fay: Don’t you translate them? |
| Chrissi: There are some hardcore supporters of the Greek language who believe all words should be translated into Greek, but this only works in theory. |
| Fay: Because? |
| Chrissi: Some of these words are correct grammatically, but they feel too awkward to use in everyday life. |
| Fay: For example? |
| Chrissi: The Greek word for “server” is eksipiretitis. Nobody is going to use such a word, especially IT people who are used to English because, well, machines think in English! |
| Fay: So foreign words are imported all the time, right? |
| Chrissi: Yes! Especially in the last few years, with computers and internet. |
| Fay: But for the moment, let’s deal with some Greek words—in our vocabulary! |
| Chrissi: Yes. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Fay: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. First, we have… |
| Chrissi: πρέπει [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Must. |
| Chrissi: πρέπει [slowly - broken down by syllable]. πρέπει [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Next… |
| Chrissi: Τελειώνω [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: I finish. |
| Chrissi: Τελειώνω [slowly - broken down by syllable]. Τελειώνω [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Next… |
| Chrissi: Θα ήθελα [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: I would like. |
| Chrissi: Θα ήθελα [slowly - broken down by syllable]. Θα ήθελα [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Next… |
| Chrissi: βοήθεια [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Help. |
| Chrissi: βοήθεια [slowly - broken down by syllable]. βοήθεια [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Next… |
| Chrissi: μπορείς [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: You can. |
| Chrissi: μπορείς [slowly - broken down by syllable]. μπορείς [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Next… |
| Chrissi: αρκετός [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Enough. |
| Chrissi: αρκετός [slowly - broken down by syllable]. αρκετός [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Next… |
| Chrissi: ελεύθερος [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Free. |
| Chrissi: ελεύθερος [slowly - broken down by syllable]. ελεύθερος [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Next… |
| Chrissi: χρόνος [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Time, year. |
| Chrissi: χρόνος [slowly - broken down by syllable]. χρόνος [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Next… |
| Chrissi: λοιπόν [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Well, so. |
| Chrissi: λοιπόν [slowly - broken down by syllable]. λοιπόν [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Next… |
| Chrissi: τώρα [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Now. |
| Chrissi: τώρα [slowly - broken down by syllable]. τώρα [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Next… |
| Chrissi: κωδικός [natural native speed]. |
| Fay: Code. |
| Chrissi: κωδικός [slowly - broken down by syllable]. κωδικός [natural native speed]. |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Fay: Let's take a closer look at some of the words and phrases in this lesson. |
| Chrissi: First of all, πρέπει (prepei). |
| Fay: Meaning... |
| Chrissi: “Must”. |
| Fay: So “You must definitely go to Santorini” is… |
| Chrissi: Πρέπει οπωσήποτε να πας στην Σαντορίνη (Prepei oposdipote na pas stin Santorini). Listeners, repeat that! Πρέπει οπωσήποτε να πας στην Σαντορίνη. (Prepei oposdipote na pas stin Santorini.) |
| Fay: And “You must eat your vegetables” is? |
| Chrissi: Πρέπει να φας τα λαχανικά σου (Prepei na fas ta lachanika sou). Repeat that, too—if it doesn’t bring back bad memories! Πρέπει να φας τα λαχανικά σου (Prepei na fas ta lachanika sou.) |
| Fay: How about “You must study harder”? |
| Chrissi: Πρέπει να μελετήσεις πιο σκληρά (Prepei na meletiseis pio sklira.) |
| Fay: So πρέπει (prepei) doesn’t change, just like in English. |
| Chrissi: More or less. It can be inflected occasionally, but let’s not worry about that for now. |
| Fay: Okay. Let’s deal with time. |
| Chrissi: Ah, man’s eternal quest. Time as in “time travel” or “I have enough time to go for a cup of coffee” is χρόνος (chronos). |
| Fay: What would the sentence you just said be in Greek? |
| Chrissi: Έχω αρκετό χρόνο για να πάω για έναν καφέ (Echo arketo chrono gia na pao gia enan kafe.) Try repeating that sentence. Έχω αρκετό χρόνο για να πάω για έναν καφέ. (Echo arketo chrono gia na pao gia enan kafe.) |
| Fay: And “time travel”? |
| Chrissi: Ταξίδι στον χρόνο (Taksidi ston chrono)—literally, “travel in time”. |
| Fay: But χρόνος (chronos) also means year, doesn’t it? |
| Chrissi: Yes. “One year” is ένας χρόνος (enas chronos). And “once a year” is μία φορά τον χρόνο (mia fora ton chrono). |
| Fay: And “the next year”? |
| Chrissi: Ο επόμενος χρόνος (O epomenos chronos). |
| Fay: Finally, αρκετός (arketos) means “enough”? |
| Chrissi: Sort of. “Enough” can sometimes be an adverb, but αρκετός (arketos) is always an adjective, so in Greek it is declinable. |
| Fay: Some examples? |
| Chrissi: Αρκετοί άντρες (Arketoi antres) “enough men”, αρκετές γυναίκες (arketes gunaikes) “enough women”, αρκετά παιδιά (arketa paidia) “enough children”, αρκετός θόρυβος (arketos thorivos) “enough noise”, αρκετή τηλεόραση (arketi tileorasi) “enough television”, αρκετό φαγητό (arketo fagito) “enough food”. |
| Fay: So it does mean “enough.” |
| Chrissi: We usually translate it that way, but you have to remember that it’s an adjective, so it can be singular or plural and goes through all four cases. |
| Fay: Okay, I’ll remember that–and I’m sure our listeners will, too. Shall we move on to our main Grammar Point? |
| Chrissi: Yes! |
Lesson focus |
| Fay: The focus of this lesson is the verb έχω (echo), “to have,” right? |
| Chrissi: Yes. Especially its first person in singular and in plural in the present tense. |
| Fay: Which are? |
| Chrissi: Εγώ έχω (Ego echo) and εμείς έχουμε (emeis echoume). “I have” and “we have.” Listeners, please repeat this, since it’s the most basic form. Εγώ. Έχω. Εμείς. Έχουμε. (Ego. Echo. Emeis. Echoume.) |
| Fay: But there is that thing with the first-person pronoun. |
| Chrissi: Yes. It is frequently omitted. You can say Εγώ έχω πονοκέφαλο (Ego echo ponokefalo) “I have a headache”, but it is more natural to say Έχω πονοκέφαλο (Echo ponokefalo), literally “have headache”. The εγώ (ego) is obvious. |
| Fay: And that’s because the verb itself changes from person to person. |
| Chrissi: Exactly! The -o at the end of echo indicates that we are dealing with the first person. |
| Fay: Let’s see some examples of how to use echo. |
| Chrissi: Έχω ένα εισιτήριο (Echo ena eisitirio) “I have a ticket”, Έχω έναν αδελφό (Echo enan adelfo) “I have a brother”, Έχω να μελετήσω (Echo na meletiso) “I have to study”, Έχω να πάω για ψώνια (Echo na pao gia psonia) “I have to go shopping”. These are all everyday phrases that use echo in its basic form. |
| Fay: We could put them all in the plural, couldn’t we? |
| Chrissi: Sure. Έχουμε ένα εισιτήριο (Echoume ena eisitirio) “We have a ticket”, Έχουμε να μελετήσουμε (Echoume na meletisoume) “We have to study”, Έχουμε να πάμε για ψώνια (Echoume na pame gia psonia) “We have to go shopping”. |
| Fay: Seems that echo is used like the English “have.” |
| Chrissi: In more ways than you know! See, έχω (echo) is also used to form three more verb tenses. |
| Fay: As an auxiliary verb, you mean? |
| Chrissi: Right. The present perfect tense, past perfect tense, and future perfect tense are all created with the help of έχω (echo). |
| Fay: That’s just like “have” in English! But we can deal with those tenses in a future lesson. |
| Chrissi: Right. For now, let’s stick to the first person and the present tense. |
| Fay: We know how to say “I have.” What about “I don’t have”? |
| Chrissi: Easy. “I don’t have” is Δεν έχω (Den echo). Simple as that. |
| Fay: And the plural? |
| Chrissi: The same. “We don’t have” is Δεν έχουμε (Den echoume). |
| Fay: You just add the word den before the verb. |
| Chrissi: Right. Δεν έχω αυτοκίνητο Den echo autokinito) means “I don’t have a car.” |
| Fay: How about questions? “Today we have pizza” is… |
| Chrissi: Σήμερα έχουμε πίτσα (Simera echoume pitsa). |
| Fay: Right! But “Do we have pizza today?” is.. |
| Chrissi: Σήμερα έχουμε πίτσα; (Simera echoume pitsa?) |
| Fay: Just like the statement... |
| Chrissi: … but with a slightly different pitch. And a question mark, if you’re writing. |
| Fay: Of course! Another question. “Do I have a fever?” |
| Chrissi: Έχω πυρετό; (Echo pyreto?) |
| Fay: That’s easy. |
| Chrissi: Yes. And if you check the PDFs it will get ever easier! |
| Fay: Listeners, you heard the native. Download the PDFs! |
| Chrissi: Listeners, can you understand Greek TV shows, movies, or songs? |
| Fay: How about friends and loved one’s conversations in Greek? |
| Chrissi: If you want to know what’s going on, we have a tool to help. |
| Fay: Line-by-line audio. |
| Chrissi: Listen to the lesson conversation line-by-line and learn to understand natural Greek fast. |
| Fay: It’s simple really! |
| Chrissi: With a click of a button, listen to each line of the conversation. |
| Fay: Listen again and again and tune your ear to natural Greek. |
| Chrissi: Rapidly understand natural Greek with these powerful tool. |
| Fay: Find this feature on the lesson page under premium member resources at GreekPod101.com. |
| Chrissi: That’s all for now. Γεια χαρά! (Geia chara!) |
| Fay: Bye! |
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