Learn how to form the plural forms of several Greek nouns
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Iro:Hi, I’m Iro. |
| Judith: Judith here, Absolute Beginner Season 1, Lesson 8; Taken an Athenian Taxi. |
| Iro: Hello, everyone. I’m Iro and welcome to GreekPod101.com. |
| Judith: With us, you’ll learn to speak Greek with fun and effective lessons. |
| Iro: We also provide you with cultural insights. |
| Judith: And tips you won’t find in a textbook. In this lesson, you will learn how to get around by taxi in Greek. |
| Iro: This conversation takes place in a taxi in Athens. |
| Judith: The conversation is between the taxi driver and Petros and Ellie. |
| Iro: The speakers are of low social class. Therefore they will be speaking informal Greek. |
| Judith: Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUES |
| Πέτρος: Καλησπέρα, πηγαίνουμε στο Γκάζι. |
| Ταξιτζής: Μάλιστα... |
| Πέτρος: Δεν υπάρχουν πολλά αυτοκίνητα. |
| Ταξιτζής: Ε, ναι. Οι άνθρωποι είναι διακοπές τώρα. |
| Έλλη: Κοίτα, Πέτρο, αυτές οι γυναίκες είναι στο ξενοδοχείο μας. |
| Πέτρος: Ναι... Συγγνώμη, αυτά τα κτίρια τι είναι; |
| Ταξιτζής: Γραφεία. Έχει πολλά γραφεία εδώ. |
| Έλλη: Στο Γκάζι έχει μουσεία; |
| Ταξιτζής: Ναι, πολλά. Από πού είστε παιδιά; |
| Έλλη: Από την Καλαμάτα. |
| Ταξιτζής: Ωραία η Καλαμάτα! Λοιπόν, εδώ είναι το Γκάζι. Πού θέλετε; |
| Πέτρος: Εδώ καλά είμαστε. Πόσο είναι; |
| Ταξιτζής: Πέντε ευρώ. |
| Πέτρος: Ορίστε 10 ευρώ. |
| Ταξιτζής: Εντάξει, ευχαριστώ. Καλές διακοπές, παιδιά. |
| Έλλη: Ευχαριστούμε, γεια σας! |
| English Host: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Πέτρος: Καλησπέρα, πηγαίνουμε στο Γκάζι. |
| Ταξιτζής: Μάλιστα... |
| Πέτρος: Δεν υπάρχουν πολλά αυτοκίνητα. |
| Ταξιτζής: Ε, ναι. Οι άνθρωποι είναι διακοπές τώρα. |
| Έλλη: Κοίτα, Πέτρο, αυτές οι γυναίκες είναι στο ξενοδοχείο μας. |
| Πέτρος: Ναι... Συγγνώμη, αυτά τα κτίρια τι είναι; |
| Ταξιτζής: Γραφεία. Έχει πολλά γραφεία εδώ. |
| Έλλη: Στο Γκάζι έχει μουσεία; |
| Ταξιτζής: Ναι, πολλά. Από πού είστε παιδιά; |
| Έλλη: Από την Καλαμάτα. |
| Ταξιτζής: Ωραία η Καλαμάτα! Λοιπόν, εδώ είναι το Γκάζι. Πού θέλετε; |
| Πέτρος: Εδώ καλά είμαστε. Πόσο είναι; |
| Ταξιτζής: Πέντε ευρώ. |
| Πέτρος: Ορίστε 10 ευρώ. |
| Ταξιτζής: Εντάξει, ευχαριστώ. Καλές διακοπές, παιδιά. |
| Έλλη: Ευχαριστούμε, γεια σας! |
| English Host: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Πέτρος: Καλησπέρα, πηγαίνουμε στο Γκάζι. |
| Judith: Good evening, we're going to the Gazi. |
| Ταξιτζής: Μάλιστα... |
| Judith: Yes... |
| Πέτρος: Δεν υπάρχουν πολλά αυτοκίνητα. |
| Judith: There aren't many cars. |
| Ταξιτζής: Ε, ναι. Οι άνθρωποι είναι διακοπές τώρα. |
| Judith: Oh, yes. People are on vacation now. |
| Έλλη: Κοίτα, Πέτρο, αυτές οι γυναίκες είναι στο ξενοδοχείο μας. |
| Judith: Look, Peter, these women are at our hotel. |
| Πέτρος: Ναι... Συγγνώμη, αυτά τα κτίρια τι είναι; |
| Judith: Yes... Excuse me, what are these buildings? |
| Ταξιτζής: Γραφεία. Έχει πολλά γραφεία εδώ. |
| Judith: Offices. There are many offices here. |
| Έλλη: Στο Γκάζι έχει μουσεία; |
| Judith: Are there museums at the Gazi? |
| Ταξιτζής: Ναι, πολλά. Από πού είστε παιδιά; |
| Judith: Yes, many. Where are you guys from? |
| Έλλη: Από την Καλαμάτα. |
| Judith: From Kalamata. |
| Ταξιτζής: Ωραία η Καλαμάτα! Λοιπόν, εδώ είναι το Γκάζι. Πού θέλετε; |
| Judith: Kalamata is beautiful! Well, here's the Gazi. Where do you want? |
| Πέτρος: Εδώ καλά είμαστε. Πόσο είναι; |
| Judith: We're fine here. How much is it? |
| Ταξιτζής: Πέντε ευρώ. |
| Judith: Five euros. |
| Πέτρος: Ορίστε 10 ευρώ. |
| Judith: Here are ten euros. |
| Ταξιτζής: Εντάξει, ευχαριστώ. Καλές διακοπές, παιδιά. |
| Judith: All right, thank you. Have a nice vacation, guys! |
| Έλλη: Ευχαριστούμε, γεια σας! |
| Judith: Thank you, good-bye! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Judith: So today, we shall talk about taxis in Greece. This is very important for tourist coming to Greece. |
| Iro: Most of the cars in the streets of Athens are taxis. As in the United States, they are yellow and have a taxi sign on the roof. The taxis in Athens are cheap compared to other European cities. |
| Judith: You can find taxis on the street, but there are also companies that take reservations in advance. Some companies organize tours to the most important sites of Greece like museums, temples and so on. So what is your experience with taxi drivers, Judith? |
| Iro: Well in my experience, they are never friendly although they are talkative. However, sometimes you might find some professional taxi drivers. Usually they are younger. |
| Judith: What do you mean, some are professional? The majority what are they life? |
| Iro: The majority are rude and sometimes they charge you more than they should. |
| Judith: You mean for tourists? |
| Iro: They do it with everyone especially younger people. |
| Judith: I see. That’s bad. Younger people don’t have that much money. |
| Iro: They just don’t care. |
| Judith: Okay. What is the minimum rate? |
| Iro: The minimum rate is around 3 euros and 16 cents. |
| Judith: What about tipping? Am I supposed to tip a taxi driver? |
| Iro: No, I don’t think so. |
| Judith: Can I get a receipt from a taxi? |
| Iro: Normally taxi drivers should always give you a receipt, but that’s almost never the case. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Judith: Okay, I see. Now, let’s look at the vocabulary for this lesson. The first word we shall see is? |
| Iro: καλησπέρα |
| Judith: Good evening. |
| Iro: καλησπέρα |
| Judith: Next? |
| Iro: πηγαίνω |
| Judith: To go. |
| Iro: πηγαίνω |
| Judith: Next? |
| Iro: μάλιστα |
| Judith: Yes, indeed. |
| Iro: μάλιστα |
| Judith: Next? |
| Iro: υπάρχει/υπάρχουν |
| Judith: There is, there are. |
| Iro: υπάρχει/υπάρχουν |
| Judith: Next? |
| Iro: αυτοκίνητο |
| Judith: Car. |
| Iro: αυτοκίνητο |
| Judith: This word is neuter. Next? |
| Iro: άνθρωπος |
| Judith: Human or a person. |
| Iro: άνθρωπος |
| Judith: This word is masculine. Next? |
| Iro: κοίτα |
| Judith: Look. |
| Iro: κοίτα |
| Judith: This is a command or a request, look. Next? |
| Iro: γυναίκα |
| Judith: Woman. |
| Iro: γυναίκα |
| Judith: This word is feminine obviously. Next? |
| Iro: μας |
| Judith: our |
| Iro: μας |
| Judith: Next? |
| Iro: συγγνώμη |
| Judith: I’m sorry, excuse me. |
| Iro: συγγνώμη |
| Judith: Next? |
| Iro: κτίριο |
| Judith: Building. |
| Iro: κτίριο |
| Judith: This word is neuter. Next? |
| Iro: γραφείο |
| Judith: Office. |
| Iro: γραφείο |
| Judith: This word is neuter as well. Next? |
| Iro: μουσείο |
| Judith: Museum. |
| Iro: μουσείο |
| Judith: Also neuter. Next? |
| Iro: πού |
| Judith: Where. |
| Iro: πού |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Judith: Let’s have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Iro: The first word we’ll look at is "Υπάρχει" |
| Judith: It means, “there is,” or “it exist” literally. |
| Iro: The plural is "υπάρχουν". |
| Judith: There are or they exist. |
| Iro: "Εδώ καλά είμαστε" |
| Judith: This literally means, “here, well we are.” It’s a way of expressing that this place is good and the taxi driver can let them out there. |
| Iro: I have one question about the dialogue. Why is the taxi driver calling them "παιδιά". That means “kids,” doesn’t it? |
| Judith: It may literally means “kids” but it is used just like English people use "guys" as a colloquial way of addressing people, “hey guys.” |
| Iro: Ah, I see... παιδιά, that's funny! Last, we had "Ευχαριστούμε". This is the plural form of "ευχαριστώ.". So "Ευχαριστώ" literally means, “I thank,” and "ευχαριστούμε" means, “we thank.” It’s a way of saying thanks but being several people. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Judith: The grammar focus of this lesson is the plural of -ος, -α, -ο. We’ve talked about Greek words of three flavors. |
| Iro: Masculine nouns ending in -ος, like "δάσκαλος". |
| Judith: A male teacher. |
| Iro: Or "άνθρωπος" |
| Judith: Human. Then we had feminine nouns ending in -α, like "πορτοκαλάδα", meaning orange juice or "γυναίκα", woman. |
| Iro: Neuter nouns ending in -ο, like "μουσείο". |
| Judith: Museum. |
| Iro: Or "αυτοκίνητο" |
| Judith: Car. Today, we shall look at the plural forms. That is what happens to these words when there is more than one teacher, more than one woman, more than one museum? |
| Iro: In English words just add an S, teachers, juices, museums and women, mice and geese because English is a very irregular language. |
| Judith: In Greek each flavor of noun gets a different ending for plural. Words ending in -ος changed to E, spelled -οι as in δάσκαλοι, άνθρωποι |
| Iro: Words ending in -α changed to S as in πορτοκαλάδες, γυναίκες |
| Judith: Words ending in -ο changed to -α, as in μουσεία, αυτοκίνητα |
| Iro: Adjectives are words like good, pretty, ugly, yummy and so forth. These words are usually associated with a noun because the pretty is incomplete. You’re much more likely to hear the pretty woman. |
| Judith: When they are associated like that in Greek, the adjective will generally have the same ending as the noun. |
| Iro: As in "η ωραία γυναίκα." |
| Judith: In plural, the adjective still gets the same ending. So this becomes? |
| Iro: "οι ωραίες γυναίκες." |
| Judith: Meanwhile the article changes from O or E to E spelled οι and for neuter nouns, from το to τα, same as the noun. |
| Iro: This is a lot to absorb. |
| Judith: Go to your lesson notes PDF and identify all the plural forms in today’s dialogue. Also watch out for plural forms in the next few lessons until you are more comfortable with them. Well that’s just about does it for today. Attention iPhone, iPod or iPad users, listen, tab and swipe you way to fluency with our Greek language apps. |
| Iro: Grow your vocabulary and practice on the go with our Greek language applications. |
| Judith: Fun and easy to use. Greek apps are available on iTunes. |
| Iro: Visit our iPhone page on GreekPod101.com/iPhone to learn more. |
Outro |
|---|
| Judith:I hope you liked this lesson! See you next time! |
| Iro:Γεια σας! |
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